Capital social y compromiso cívico: una nueva exploración de la tesis del círculo virtuoso

Araceli  Mateos; Isabel  Inguanzo; Homero  Gil De Zúñiga

doi:10.3989/ris.2022.80.4.M22-005

Autores/as

Araceli Mateos Universidad de Salamanca https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6208-5917
Isabel Inguanzo Universidad de Salamanca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9784-8408
Homero Gil De Zúñiga Universidad de Salamanca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4187-3604

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2022.80.4.M22-005

Palabras clave:

Capital Social, Círculo Virtuoso, Compromiso Cívico, Confianza Interpersonal, Redes Comunitarias

Resumen

Durante décadas, la literatura de las ciencias sociales ha mantenido la tesis teórica del círculo virtuoso entre el capital social y el compromiso cívico. Este trabajo trata de arrojar evidencia empírica sobre la vigencia de esta tesis teórica. Sustentado en dos concepciones teóricas de capital social (una centrada en la confianza interpersonal y la otra en la existencia de redes comunitarias) y utilizando datos panel (tres olas) de una muestra de población de Estados Unidos, este estudio aplica un panel de correlación con ecuaciones estructurales para comprobar las posibles relaciones recíprocas entre estos dos fenómenos a lo largo del tiempo. Los resultados muestran que no existe una relación simétrica entre estos dos fenómenos, sino que el efecto del compromiso cívico sobre el capital social es más fuerte y consistente que el efecto contrario. Así, independientemente del tipo de medición de capital social, el compromiso cívico antecede al capital social de una manera más consistente que en el sentido inverso.

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