Las creencias que justifican la desigualdad moderan la relación entre el estatus socioeconómico y el apoyo a la redistribución

Efraín García-Sánchez; Sofia de Carvalho Galvão

doi:10.3989/ris.2022.80.3.21.29

Autores/as

Efraín García-Sánchez Universidad de Granada - Universidad de São Paulo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8097-5822
Sofia de Carvalho Galvão Universidad de São Paulo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-1982

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2022.80.3.21.29

Palabras clave:

Desigualdad económica, Estatus socioeconómico, Estatus subjetivo, Ideología, Redistribución

Resumen

Este artículo examina la interacción entre el estatus socioeconómico y las creencias que justifican la desigualdad en lo relativo al apoyo a la redistribución. Utilizando datos de una encuesta de São Paulo (Brasil) (N=928), encontramos que el apoyo a la redistribución estuvo negativamente asociado con el estatus socioeconómico subjetivo; pero estuvo positivamente relacionada con el estatus socioeconómico objetivo. Además, las creencias que justifican la desigualdad moderaron esta relación. Por un lado, el efecto negativo del estatus subjetivo sobre el apoyo a la redistribución fue más fuerte para las personas que apoyan las creencias que justifican la desigualdad. Por otro lado, el efecto positivo entre el estatus objetivo y el apoyo a la redistribución solo ocurrió para las personas que rechazaron estas creencias. Los resultados sugieren que el efecto del estatus socioeconómico sobre el apoyo a la redistribución depende del grado de apoyo a las creencias ideológicas que justifican la desigualdad.

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