Modelos de dinámicas de la opinión. Una revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2019.77.2.18.049Palabras clave:
Explicación, Influencia social, Modelos basados en agentes, Simulación social, SociofísicaResumen
El estudio de la opinión pública está girando, en los últimos años, del tradicional enfoque descriptivo con fines informativos y de asesoramiento a un nuevo enfoque explicativo y generativista. Este nuevo enfoque se ha centrado en la construcción y análisis de modelos en los que las interacciones locales, microscópicas, generan las regularidades macroscópicas de la opinión pública. La fertilidad de este nuevo enfoque se está traduciendo en un ritmo de publicaciones que puede llegar a ser abrumador. En este trabajo presentamos una revisión actualizada de la literatura sobre los modelos de dinámicas de la opinión. Se presentan los principales modelos y sus extensiones, organizado la exposición alrededor de diez ejes de debate que configuran el contenido de cada aportación. El artículo ofrece también algunas reflexiones sobre los principales desafíos que tienen ante sí los científicos sociales interesados en el estudio de las dinámicas de la opinión.
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