Diferencias de género en los experimentos económicos

Selim Jürgen Ergun; Teresa García-Muñoz; María Fernanda Rivas

doi:10.3989/ris.2011.04.19

Autores/as

Selim Jürgen Ergun Middle East Technical University, Northern Cyprus Campus
Teresa García-Muñoz Universidad de Granada. Granada Lab of Behavioral Economics (GLOBE)
María Fernanda Rivas Middle East Technical University, Northern Cyprus Campus

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2011.04.19

Palabras clave:

Confianza, Engaño, Experimento económico, Género, Liderazgo, Reciprocidad

Resumen

Este artículo revisa la literatura en el área de economía experimental sobre las diferencias de género en cuatro temas destacados: aversión al riesgo, confianza, engaño y liderazgo. Se revisan tanto experimentos realizados en laboratorios como experimentos de campo. Resumimos brevemente las principales características de los experimentos que consideramos y señalamos los principales resultados relacionados con las diferencias de género. La gran mayoría de los artículos que hemos revisado documentan diferencias de género en el comportamiento. Estas diferencias podrían explicarse por los estereotipos de roles sexuales que podrían formarse incluso en edades tempranas y / o diferencias hormonales como la hormona femenina oxitocina, o el estrógeno.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Arbak, E. and M.C. Villeval. 2007. “Endogenous leadership. Selection and influence.” IZA Discussion Papers 2732. Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). Bonn.

Atkinson, S. M., S.B. Baird and M.B. Frye. 2003. “Do female mutual fund managers manage differently?.” Journal of Financial Research 26(1):1-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-6803.00041

Barraza, J. and P. Zak. 2009. “Empathy towards strangers triggers oxytocin release and subsequent generosity.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1167:182-189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04504.x PMid:19580564

Berdahl, J. L. 1996. “Gender and leadership in work groups: Six alternative models.” Leadership Quartely 7(1): 21-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(96)90033-8

Bonein, A. and D. Serra. 2009. “Gender pairing bias in trustworthiness.” The Journal of Socio-Economics 38: 779-789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2009.03.003

Brañas-Garza, P., J.C. Cardenas and M. Rossi. 2009. “Gender, education and reciprocal generosity: Evidence from 1500 experiment subjects.” ECINEQ WP 2009-128. Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.

Brañas-Garza, P. and A. Rustichini. 2011. “Organizing effects of testosterone and economic behavior: not just risk taking.” Plos One 6(12): e29842. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029842. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029842 PMid:22242144 PMCid:3248440

Brody, L. R. 1993. “On understanding gender differences in the expression of emotions.” Pp. 87-121 in Human Feeling: Explorations in Affect Development and Meaning. ed. S. L. Ablon, D. Brown, E. J. Khantzian and J. E. Mack., Hillsdale. N.J.: Analytic Press.

Buchan, N. R., R. Croson and S.J. Solnick. 2008. “Trust and gender: an examination of behavior and beliefs in the investment game.” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 68(3-4): 466-476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2007.10.006

Chaganti, R. 1986. “Management in women-owned enterprises.” Journal of Small Business Management 24(4):18-29.

Chattapadhyayvand, R., and E. Duflo. 2004. “Women as policy makers: evidence from a randomized policy experiment in India.” Econometrica 72(5):1409-1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0262.2004.00539.x

Chen, Y., P. Katuscak and E. Ozdenorem. 2005. “Why can’t a woman bid more like a man?” CERGE-EI WP 275. Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education. Prague.

Croson, R. and U. Gneezy. 2009. “Gender differences in preferences.” Journal of Economic Literature 47(2): 1-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.47.2.448

Dreber, A. and M. Johannesson. 2008. “Gender differences in deception.” Economics Letters 99(1): 197-199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2007.06.027

Duflo, E. 2005. “Gender equality in development.” BREAD Policy Paper No. 001. Bureau for Research in Economic Analysis of Development.

Eagly, A. and W. Wood. 1999. “The origins of sex differences in human behavior: evolved dispositions versus social roles.” American Psychologist 54: 408-423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.54.6.408

Eagly, A., W. Wood and A.B. Dickman. 2000. “Social role theory of sex differences and similarities: a current appraisal.” Pp. 123-174 in The developmental social psychology of gender, edited by T. Eckes and H. M. Trautne. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Eckel, C. C. and P.J. Grossman. 2001. “Chivalry and solidarity in Ultimatum Games.” Economic Inquiry 39(2):171-188.

Eckel, C. C. and P.J. Grossman. 2002. “Sex differences and statistical stereotyping in attitudes toward financial risk.” Evolution and Human Behavior 23(4): 281-295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1090-5138(02)00097-1

Eckel, C. C. and P.J. Grossman. 2008. “Differences in the economic decisions of men and women: experimental evidence.” Pp. 509-519 in Handbook of Experimental Economics Results, Volume 1, edited by C. Plott and V. Smith. New York: Elsevier.

Erat, S. and U. Gneezy. 2009. “White lies.” Rady School of Management, USCD Woricing Paper.

Frank, B. and J. Lambsdorff. 2011. “Gender and corruption: lessons from laboratory corruption experiments.” European Journal of Development Research 23(1): 59-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ejdr.2010.47

Garbarino, E. and R. Slonim. 2009. “The robustness of trust and reciprocity across a heterogeneous U.S. population.” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 69(3): 226-240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2007.06.010

Gillespie, N. A. and L. Mann. 2004. “Transformational leadership and shared values: the building blocks of trust.” Journal of Managerial Psychology 19:588-607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683940410551507

Gneezy, U. 2005. “Deception: the role of consequences.” American Economic Review 95: 384-394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/0002828053828662

Greenberg, H. and P. Sweeney. 2005. “Leadership: Qualities that distinguish women.” Financial Executive: 32-36.

Grossman, P. J. and M. Komai. 2008. “Leadership and gender.” Working Papers from Saint Cloud State University No 2008-04. Department of Economics. Minnesota.

Gysler, M., J. Brown-Kruse and R. Schubert. 2002. “Ambiguity and gender differences in financial decision making: an experimental examination of competence and confidence effects.” Research Working Paper 02-23. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Zurich.

Jamison, J., D. Karlan and L. Schechter. 2008. „To deceive or not to deceive: the effect of deception on behaviour in future laboratory experiments.” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 68: 477-488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2008.09.002

Johnson, J. E. and P.L. Powell. 1994. “Decision making, risk and gender: are managers different?” British Journal of Management 5(2): 123-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.1994.tb00073.x

King, D. C. and R.E. Matland. 2003. “Sex and the grand old party. An experimental investigation of the effect of candidate sex on support for a Republican candidate.” American Politics Research 31(6): 595-612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673X03255286

Kocher, M. G., G. Pogrebna and M. Sutter. 2008. “The Determinants of Managerial Decisions Under Risk.” Working Papers in Economics and Statistics 2008/04.

Kristinsson, K., A. Arnardóttir and H.F. Gylfason. 2009. “The impact of personality on dishonest behavior in cheap talk game.” http://nordicconference.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/Kristinsson.pdf. Consultado el 13 de diciembre de 2010.

Lundquist, T., T. Ellingsen, E. Gribbe and M. Johannesson. 2009. “The aversion to lying.” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization 70:81-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2009.02.010

McGuire, J. 2009. “The impact of alternatives on honesty: testing for violations of WARP and/or convexity.” http://www.stanford.edu/~jcmjr/McGuireJobMarketPaper.pdf. Consultado el 24 de Noviembre de 2010.

Meier-Pesti, K. and E. Penz. 2008. “Sex or gender? Expanding the sex-bases view by introducing masculinity and femininity as predictor of financial risk taking.” Journal of Economic Psychology 29(2):180-196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2007.05.002

Niederle, M. and L. Vesterlund. 2007. “Do women shy away from competition? Do men compete too much?” Quarterly Journal of Economics 122(3):1067-1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/qjec.122.3.1067

Nowack, K. 2009. “The neurobiology of leadership: why women lead differently than men.” Paper presented at the Life09 I Congreso Internacional de Liderazgo Femenino. Barcelona. Spain.

Rice, R. W., L.R. Bender and A.G. Vitters. 1980. “Leader sex, follower attitudes toward women, and leadership effectiveness: a laboratory experiment.” Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 25:46-78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(80)90025-2

Schubert, R., M. Brown, M. Gysler and H.W. Brachinger. 1999. “Financial decision-making: are women really more risk-averse?” American Economic Review 89(2):381-385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.89.2.381

Slovic, P. 1966. “Risk taking in children: age and sex differences.” Child Development 37(1): 169-176. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1126437

Soll, J. B. and J. Klayman. 2004. “Overconfidence in interval estimates.” Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 30(2):299-314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.2.299 PMid:14979805

Tiller, P., J. George and K. Marett. 2005. “Gender differences in deception and its detection under varying electronic media conditions.” Proceedings of the 38th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2005.284

Wood, W. and A. Eagly. 2002. “A cross-cultural analysis of the behavior of women and men: implications for the origins of sex differences.” Psychological Bulletin 128: 699-727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.128.5.699 PMid:12206191

Zack, P. J. and A. Fakhar. 2009. “Neuroactive hormones and interpersonal trust: international evidence.” Economics and Human Biology 4:412-429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2006.06.004