Immigrant selectivity and second generation education in Italy: An aspiration squeeze?

Alessandro Ferrara; Claudia Brunori

doi:10.3989/ris.2025.83.4.1499

Autores/as

Alessandro Ferrara WZB Berlin Social Science Center; Freie Universität Berlin; Einstein Center Population Diversity https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9927-3863
Claudia Brunori Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and Centre d’Estudis Demográfics https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7853-3320

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2025.83.4.1499

Palabras clave:

selectividad inmigrante, educación relativa, brecha de aspiraciones, paradoja de las aspiraciones, Italia

Resumen

Las teorías de la selectividad inmigrante sugieren que la posición social previa a la migración afecta los resultados educativos de los hijos. Estas teorías se han probado principalmente en países nórdicos y de Europa occidental, donde los hijos de inmigrantes suelen tener un buen desempeño académico. Utilizando la encuesta italiana “Integración de la Segunda Generación”, este estudio analiza si: (a) los padres inmigrantes tienen un nivel educativo superior al de individuos similares en sus países de origen; (b) la selectividad educativa de los padres está asociada con las calificaciones escolares, actitudes y aspiraciones de los hijos; y (c) si la selectividad explica las diferencias educativas entre grupos de origen. Los resultados muestran variaciones en la selectividad educativa entre los grupos de origen. La selectividad está asociada con mayores aspiraciones educativas, pero no con mejores calificaciones, creando una “brecha de aspiraciones” en la que los hijos tienen altas ambiciones pero medios insuficientes para alcanzarlas.

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