Usos, resistencias y aceptación de tecnologías energéticas emergentes en el hogar. El caso de la política de recambio de estufas en Temuco, Chile

Àlex Boso; Tomás Ariztía; Francisca Fonseca

doi:10.3989/ris.2017.75.4.17.04

Autores/as

Àlex Boso Universidad de la Frontera https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0313-8238
Tomás Ariztía Universidad Diego Portales https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5806-3328
Francisca Fonseca Universidad de la Frontera https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7663-7871

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2017.75.4.17.04

Palabras clave:

Energía, Sociología de la Energía, Teoría de las Prácticas Sociales, Teoría Multinivel, Transiciones energéticas

Resumen

En el marco de un creciente interés de la sociología del medioambiente y la energía por estudiar los procesos de transición hacia sistemas energéticos proambientales, este artículo presenta los principales hallazgos empíricos de un estudio de caso que aborda cualitativamente una política de recambio de estufas en la ciudad de Temuco, Chile. El artículo utiliza dos enfoques teóricos complementarios, la Multilevel Perspective (MLP) y la teoría de las prácticas sociales (TPS) para describir la existencia de mecanismos de bloqueo a los procesos de transición sostenible, tanto a nivel institucional como a nivel de las prácticas asociadas al uso de las estufas. El artículo se basa en 23 entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores clave del proceso de recambio y 23 ejercicios de observación participante orientados a describir las prácticas de calefacción de los hogares de Temuco. En base a esta evidencia, el artículo plantea la necesidad de abordar las transiciones energéticas proambientales articulando enfoques teóricos que permitan dar cuenta de las distintas escalas y actores que constituyen este tipo de procesos. Este enfoque puede facilitar una mayor sensibilidad a las distintas dificultades inherentes a los procesos de transición energética.

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