Factores de riesgo y protección/resiliencia en el acoso escolar adolescente. Análisis longitudinal

Autores/as

  • Teodoro Hernández de Frutos Navarra Public University. Pamplona
  • Nuria del Olmo Vicén Universidad de Zaragoza

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2013.05.07

Palabras clave:

Factores Adscriptivos, Factores Culturales, Factores Institucionales, Hetrosexualidad, Protección, Raza/etnia, Resiliencia, Riesgo

Resumen


Las teorías del riesgo, protección/resiliencia han surgido con fuerza en los últimos años porque explican satisfactoriamente, en opinión de una por parte significativa de la comunidad universitaria, porque algunos adolescentes se hunden en un medio ambiente hostil, mientras que otros sobreviven sin que parezca que les afecte, como si estuvieran inmunizados contra las adversidades que se han ido encontrando a lo largo de su vida. Estas teorías aplicadas al acoso adolescente podría explicar porque algunos jóvenes lo padecen y otros no, a pesar de compartir la misma atmósfera vital (edad, género, escuela, barrio, medios de comunicación). El presente meta análisis indaga sobre los riesgos y resiliencias procedentes del medio ambiente social en la versión de Bronfenbrenner tomando en cuenta que las resiliencias no necesariamente tienen que proceder de aspectos individuales debidos a la personalidad o a los otros significantes, como enfatizan algunas teorías, sino que pueden ser también factores ambientales los que ejerzan ese papel incrementando o reduciendo los efectos. Dado que en una parte de la literatura especializada se utiliza el concepto de manera confusa identificando acoso escolar solo con un comportamiento agresivo individual, es necesario apuntar que aquí se utiliza como un concepto mutidimensional, es decir, como una única variable que incluye la agresión individual, la agresión colectiva, la victimización individual y la victimización colectiva. De esta forma se evita el malentendido de un uso holístico y omnicomprensivo no siempre diferenciado, lo que puede provocar confusión. Tomando en cuenta además que tanto el que ejerce como el que lo padece, aunque en diferente grado, se enfrentan a riesgos, protección y resiliencia.

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2014-12-30

Cómo citar

Hernández de Frutos, T., & del Olmo Vicén, N. (2014). Factores de riesgo y protección/resiliencia en el acoso escolar adolescente. Análisis longitudinal. Revista Internacional De Sociología, 72(3), 583–608. https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2013.05.07

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