Las actitudes de los españoles ante las medidas de justicia transicional relativas a la Guerra Civil y al franquismo

Autores/as

  • Paloma Aguilar Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid
  • Laia Balcells Institut d’Anàlisi Econòmica, CSIC. Barcelona
  • Héctor Cebolla Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2009.06.30

Palabras clave:

Democratización, Justicia transicional, Memoria histórica, Socialización, Trauma, Victimización, Violencia política

Resumen


Se ha hablado mucho de los determinantes institucionales de la justicia transicional (JT). Sin embargo, el conocimiento de qué variables condicionan las actitudes de los ciudadanos ante las políticas de reparación por violaciones de los derechos humanos sigue siendo escaso. En este artículo se explota una encuesta original del CIS realizada en 2008 a una muestra representativa de la población española. Un año antes, el Gobierno socialista había aprobado la conocida como “ley de Memoria Histórica”, dirigida a la reparación de las víctimas de la guerra civil, la dictadura franquista y la transición a la democracia. En este trabajo analizamos las actitudes individuales ante un conjunto de políticas de JT, como las comisiones de la verdad, los juicios a los violadores de derechos humanos y las medidas de reparación simbólica. Estudiamos el efecto de diferentes conjuntos de variables explicativas: factores individuales (sociodemográficos e ideológicos), factores familiares y de socialización y, finalmente, factores contextuales. Los resultados revelan que tanto la ideología como la victimización de la familia del entrevistado por parte de la dictadura son muy relevantes para explicar las actitudes individuales ante las políticas de JT. Los factores contextuales (regionales) resultan, asimismo, cruciales.

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Publicado

2011-04-30

Cómo citar

Aguilar, P., Balcells, L., & Cebolla, H. (2011). Las actitudes de los españoles ante las medidas de justicia transicional relativas a la Guerra Civil y al franquismo. Revista Internacional De Sociología, 69(1), 59–90. https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2009.06.30

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